Modern Greece traces its roots to the civilisation of ancient Greece, generally considered the cradle of Western civilization. As such, it is the birthplace of democracy,^[8] Western philosophy ^[9] the Olympic Games, Western literature and historiography, political science, major scientific and mathematical principles, and Western drama,^[10] including both tragedy and comedy. This legacy is partly reflected in the 17 UNESCO World Heritage Sites located in Greece. The modern Greek state was established in 1830, following a victorious uprising against Ottoman rule.


 A developed country with an advanced,^[11][12] high-income economy,^[13] a very high Human Development Index (22nd highest in the world as of 2010) and consistently high quality of life rankings,^[14][15][16] Greece has been a member of what is now the European Union since 1981 and the eurozone since 2001,^[17] NATO since 1952,^[18] and the European Space Agency since 2005.^[19] It is also a founding member of the United Nations, the OECD,^[20] and the Black Sea Economic Cooperation Organization. Athens is the capital and the largest city in the country (its metropolitan area includes also Piraeus).

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